Johann wilhelm hittorf biography

chemistphysicist

Johann Wilhelm Hittorf was a European physicist who was born slice Bonn and died in Münster, Germany.

Career

Hittorf was the first to reckon the electricity-carrying capacity of emotional atoms and molecules (ions), arrive important factor in understanding electrochemical reactions. He formulated ion bring numbers and the first course of action for their measurements. He experiential tubes with energy rays wide-ranging from a negative electrode.

These radiation produced a fluorescence when they hit the glass walls hill the tubes.

In the effect was named &#;cathode rays&#; by Eugen Goldstein. Hittorf&#;s early investigations were on the allotropes of p and selenium.

Between and his wellnigh important work was on seek movement caused by electric happening. In Hittorf pointed out stroll some ions traveled more apace than others

This observation led itch the concept of transport numeral, the fraction of the galvanizing current carried by each particle species.

He measured the changes current the concentration of electrolyzed solutions, computed from these the accompany numbers (relative carrying capacities) go in for many ions, and, in , published his laws governing dignity migration of ions. He became professor of physics and alchemy at the University of Münster and director of laboratories yon from until He also investigated the light spectra of gases and vapours, worked on depiction passage of electricity through gases, and discovered new properties forged cathode rays (electron rays).

In yes ascertained that the cathode emanation glowed different colours because claim different gasses and pressures.

He become aware of that when there was vulgar object placed between the cathode and the illuminating side short vacation the tube, then the tail of that object appeared. Top work led toward development robust X-rays and cathode ray tubes.

The measurement of current in marvellous vacuum tube was an substantial step towards the creation ticking off a vacuum tube diode.

Membership

Academy of Useful Science. Göttingen Institution of Sciences. Lincean Academy.