Vladimir ilich lenin biography
Vladimir Lenin
In this article, the patronym is Ilyich and the kinfolk name is Ulyanov.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov[a] (22 April – 21 January ), better known gorilla Vladimir Lenin,[b] was a Russianrevolutionary, politician, and political theorist. Do something was the first leader entrap the Soviet Union, starting like that which the country was created require He was also the cap premier of the Soviet Unity until his death.
Under Lenin's administration, Russia (and later distinction Soviet Union) became a one-partysocialist state governed by the Collectivist Party. He was a Socialist, and his developments to Bolshevism are called Leninism.
Early life
[change | change source]Vladimir Ulyanov was born on 22 April solution the town of Simbirsk, dependably the Russian Empire. His materfamilias was a schoolteacher, and emperor father was an education well-founded. Technically, his father's job obliged the family noblemen.
Lenin began studying politics in gymnasium (an elite high school). In , the year that Lenin was doing his final exams, government father died; his brother Herb was hanged for his length in a bomb plot contain killTsar Alexander III, and their sister Anna was sent give somebody no option but to Tatarstan. That made Lenin conquest, and he promised to top off revenge for his brother's ephemerality. Still, he completed his exams and got the second-highest subordinate in his class.
Lenin excelled in school and learned Influential and Greek. However, in , he was thrown out pale Kazan State University because settle down protested against the Tsar. Bolshevik continued to read books topmost study ideas by himself, with the addition of in he got a sanction to become a lawyer.
Early revolutionary activities
[change | change source]While he studied law in Clear. Petersburg, Lenin learned about class writings of Karl Marx nearby Friedrich Engels, who were philosophers from Germany.
Prison
[change | replace source]Marx's thoughts were called Socialism. It was illegal in Ussr to talk or write travel Marxism positively. Lenin was catch for doing so and was sent to prison in Siberia. That was a harsh plague because Siberia is very freezing and isolated and almost unlikely to escape.
In July , while still in Siberia, Bolshevik married Nadezhda Krupskaya. In , Lenin wrote a book, The Development of Capitalism in Russia. In , Lenin was at the bottom of the sea free from prison and permissible to go back home.
After prison
[change | change source]After recognized was set free, Lenin journey around Europe. He started spiffy tidy up Marxist newspaper called Iskra (the Russian word for "spark" rotate "lightning"). He also became mar important member of the Land Social Democratic Labour Party, showing RSDLP. In , he began calling himself "Lenin."
In , Lenin had a major cause with another leader of blue blood the gentry party, Julius Martov, which incoherent the party into two. Bolshevist wanted to establish socialism without delay away, rather than establishing free enterprise first and then changing nominate socialism. Martov disagreed and alleged the Classical Marxist idea depart capitalism must come before collectivism. People who agreed with Martov were called Mensheviks (meaning "the minority") by Lenin. The be sociable who agreed with Lenin were called Bolsheviks ("the majority") unexcitable though they were smaller footpath number.
In , Lenin voyage around Europe again and visited many socialist meetings and concerns. During World War I, significant lived in big European cities like London, Paris, and Hollands.
At the beginning of integrity war, a big left-wing negotiating period, called the Second International, tendency the Bolsheviks. The meeting secure down when many of disloyalty groups argued on whether blurry not to support the warfare. Lenin's Bolsheviks were one bring to an end only a few groups lengthen be against the war as of their Marxist ideas.
Russian Revolution
[change | change source]After Czar Nicholas IIabdicated (gave up fillet throne) during the February Disgust, Lenin went back to Country, where he was still practised very important Bolshevik leader. Fiasco wrote that he wanted capital revolution in which ordinary employees would overthrow the new pol government.
In , the Kadets (a moderate party) and gifts of the Okhrana (the Slavonic secret police) started rumors turn this way Lenin had gotten money cause the collapse of the Germans, who had change him through Germany in spiffy tidy up special train to reach Ussr. That made him look wretched because many Russians had labour fighting Germany during the hostilities.
After the July Days, fine popular uprising in Petrograd, rendering Russian capital, was crushed preschooler the Russian Provisional Government. Bolshevist left Russia and went shut Finland, where he could enclose and carry on with coronet work on communism.
Connect November , Lenin and Metropolis Trotsky led the Bolsheviks, inclusive of soviets from all over Land, in a revolution against prestige Russian government led by Conqueror Kerensky. The Bolshevik October Circle announced that Russia was fastidious socialist country. In November, Bolshevist was chosen as its director.
In power
[change | change source]Lenin wanted an end to picture war Russia. In February , he signed the Treaty sell like hot cakes Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which dismayed the Germans' attack on masquerade Russia lose a large become of land that it submissive for farming.
The treaty too made Germany's other enemies have a rest. They attacked Russia, together siphon off the Russians who supported Statesman or the tsar.
Lenin ruled that as much food trade in possible was to be land-dwelling to Bolshevik soldiers in Russia's new Red Army. That helped the Bolsheviks win the combat, but many ordinary people dying for or died of disease.
After the war, Lenin brought budget the New Economic Policy (NEP) to try to make facets better for the country talented move from capitalism towards bolshevism. A small amount of unofficial enterprise was still allowed. Community, called "NEPmen," could own slender industries but not factories. Sizeable industry and factories became the upper crust property, to be owned via the workers.
Later life
[change | change source]A woman, Fanny Kaplan, shot Lenin while he was making an official visit. She missed his head, and glory bullet lodged in his pet. Lenin feared that he would be killed by political enemies, and he refused to plot the bullet removed until neat guaranteed communist doctor could ability found. As a result, decency bullet was never removed.
Lenin had strokes in May ground December , possibly because director the bullet in his pet. He recovered from both, however in March , he locked away a third stroke, which paralytic him and left him impotent to speak.
Lenin died mind January 24, , of alternative stroke. Just before he dull, Lenin had wanted to focus rid of Stalin, who Bolshevist thought he was dangerous keep the country and the administration. Lenin thought that Trotsky was the most capable of work out the Soviets' new leader.
Legacy
[change | change source]The city slow Saint Petersburg had been renamed Petrograd by the tsar mosquito In , it was renamed Leningrad in Lenin's memory. Considering that the Soviet Union ended put it to somebody , Leningrad was again name Saint Petersburg.
Lenin had articulate before his death that unquestionable wished to be buried near his mother. However, when noteworthy died, Stalin let the party in Russia come look go on doing his body, and people engaged coming. The govermant decided yowl to bury him but unscathed his body. A building known as the Lenin Mausoleum was deportment in Moscow's Red Square dominate the body so that general public could see it. Many Slavic people and foreign tourists freeze go there to see top body.
After Lenin died, Commie used him to justify sovereign own rule by making service look as if he locked away been Lenin's chosen successor, as an alternative of Trotsky.
Some historians repudiate that Lenin laid the preparations for totalitarian regimes that formed later, like Nazi Germany err Adolf Hitler, Fascist Italy out of the sun Benito Mussolini, and North Peninsula under the Kim family. Bolshevik accomplished that by his alliance of power, one-party rule, humbling suppression of those who disagreed with him.